EFFECT OF DIFFERENT ORGANIC EXTRACTS ON GRAIN YIELD AND SOME PHYSIOLOGICAL TRAITS OF THREE BREAD WHEAT CULTIVARS
Article Sidebar
Main Article Content
Abstract
An experiment was conducted in the Abu Ghraib area, located in the western part of Baghdad, during the 2023-2024 season to determine the effect of various organic extracts (Moringa leaves, licorice root, yeast, and water) on grain yield and some physiological traits of three wheat cultivars (IPA-99, Al-tahadi, and Al-fatih). The experiment was laid out in a Randomized Complete Blocks Design (RCBD) within a split-plot arrangement, cultivars distributed in main plots, and organic extracts in subplots with three replications.
Cultivar IPA-99 was superior in grain yield (4.483 t.ha-1) and most of the studied characteristics (flag leaf area 45.88 cm2, dry weight of flag leaf 0.180g, number of tillers 505.4m-2, number of spikes 421.6 spike m-2, dry weight of spike-1 1.205 g, number of grains per spike 54.03 grain spike-1, and weight 1000 grain 41.21g). Moringa leaves extract gave the highest grain yield (4.181 t ha-1) and most of the characteristics (leaf area 45.87cm2, dry weight of flag leaf 0.175g, number of tillers 489.8m-2, number of spikes 420.5 spike.m-2, dry weight of spike-1 1.196g, and number of grains per spike 52.18 grain spike-1). The effect of interaction was significant in most studied traits. It can be concluded that organic extracts are safe and environmentally friendly bio stimulants that increase productivity, especially Moringa leaf extract, which gave the highest increase in grain yield. Furthermore, the IPA-99 cultivar was significantly superior to the other cultivars in the most studied characters.
Article Details
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2025 Sura Jasim Bunder (Author)
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
Copyright and Licensing Policy
Iraqi Journal of Agricultural Research (IJAR) adheres to the highest standards of transparency and integrity in academic publishing. The IJAR follows an Open Access policy to ensure the global exchange of knowledge:
- Ownership of Copyright:
Ø Authors retain full copyright of their work published in the IJAR without any restrictions.
Ø Authors grant the IJAR the "right of first publication" for their work.
- Licensing:
Ø All articles are published under the Creative Commons Attribution- 4.0 International License (CC BY 4.0).
Ø This license allows others to share, adapt, and build upon the work provided the original author and the IJAR are properly credited.
- Self-Archiving Policy:
Ø Authors are encouraged to deposit the version of record (Publisher's PDF) in their institutional repositories or personal websites immediately upon publication, provided that a link to the original DOI is included.
- Originality:
Ø By submitting a manuscript to the IJAR, authors certify that the work is original, has not been published previously, and is not under consideration by any other journal.
Ø The IJAR does not allow the violations of others’ intellectual property rights, and authors must comply with the requirement to cite all references.