EFFECT OF SOME SURFACE DRIP IRRIGATION METHODS AND THE DEPTH OF ADDED WATER ON SOME WATER PARAMETERS AND WATER USE EFFICIENCY FOR BROCCOLI CROP
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Abstract
A field experiment was carried out at the First Agricultural Research Station of the University of Anbar, located in the Ramadi District, Al-Anbar Province, western Iraq, on sedimentary soil with a Silty Loam texture during the 2024 autumn season, to study the effect of some surface drip irrigation methods and the depth of added water on certain water parameters and the productivity of broccoli. The study included three irrigation methods: traditional surface drip irrigation )It( strip surface drip irrigation )Ir( and partial drying of the soil surface )Ip( in addition to three different depths of added water at levels of 50%, 60%, and 70% of the available water for the plant. The treatments were arranged in a factorial experiment according to a randomized complete block design. Broccoli cultivar MAX F1 was planted on 28/10/2024, and the American evaporation pan Class A was used for irrigation scheduling. The measurements included saturated hydraulic conductivity, basic infiltration rate, water consumption, application efficiency, total yield, and water use efficiency.
The results showed that the Ip method achieved the best improvement in the studied traits, recording the highest values of saturated hydraulic conductivity 5.48 cm.h⁻¹, basic infiltration rate 4.43 cm.h⁻¹, total yield 26.37 t.ha⁻¹, application efficiency 90.51 percent, and water use efficiency 31.47 kg.m⁻³. It was also found that the D0.50 depth produced the best results among the tested depths, with saturated hydraulic conductivity 5.03 cm.h⁻¹, total yield 26.15 t.ha⁻¹, application efficiency 90.40 percent, and water use efficiency 29.22 kg.m⁻³. Seasonal water consumption reached 50.97, 47.45, and 45.06 cm season⁻¹ for the D0.50, D0.60, and D0.70 depths respectively. The best interaction treatment was Ip with D0.50, which produced the highest values of saturated hydraulic conductivity 5.72 cm.h⁻¹, basic infiltration rate 4.70 cm.h⁻¹, total yield 30.47 t.ha⁻¹, application efficiency 91.20 percent, and water use efficiency 34.05 kg.m⁻³.
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