EFFECT OF ADDING LIQUID ORGANIC FERTILIZER AND SPRAYING WITH NANO-PROLINE AND BORON ON SOME CHEMICAL AND ENZYMATIC PROPERTIES OF ZAHDI DATE PALM Phoenix dactylifera L.
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Abstract
This study was conducted on a private palm farm located in the city of Hit, 65 km west of Ramadi, the center of Anbar Governorate in Iraq, during the 2025 growing season to study the effect of adding liquid organic fertilizer on two dates, 3/15 and 6/15 of the season, around the palm basin within a radius of one meter and at three concentration levels (0, 10, 20 ml L⁻¹), and foliar spraying with nano-proline acid until complete wetness on 2/20/2025 at two concentration levels (0, 200 mg L⁻¹), and boric acid on two dates, 3/25 and 4/15 of the season at three concentration levels (0, 0.5, 1 g L⁻¹), and their interference on the chemical characteristics of the Zahdi palm fruit.
A factorial experiment (3×2×3) was conducted within a randomized complete block design (RCBD) with three replicates, where the experimental unit included one tree, and the treatments were tested according to the LSD test at a probability level of 5%. The results showed a positive effect of adding liquid organic fertilizer on most of the studied properties of date palm fruits. Concentration F2 (20 ml L-1) significantly improved all studied properties. Regarding nano-proline spraying, concentration P1 (200 mg L-1) showed a significant difference in all studied properties, and for boron, concentration B2 (1 g L-1) significantly improved all studied properties.
In binary interferences, treatment F2B2 (20 ml L-1 + 1 g L-1) significantly improved tannins, TSS, and total sugars, while treatment F0B0 (0 ml L-1 + 0 g L-1) showed the lowest values. Treatment F2P1 (20 ml L-1 + 200 mg L-1) showed the highest values for all studied properties, and treatment P1B2 (200 mg L-1 + 1 g L-1) showed the highest values for TSS and total sugars. In ternary interference, treatment F2P0B2 (20 ml L-1 + 0 mg L-1 + 1 g L-1) showed the highest values for total sugars, while treatment F2P1B2 (20 ml L-1 + 200 mg L-1 + 1 g L-1)) showed the highest values for reducing sugars.
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