THE ROLE OF SOME OXIDES IN INDUCING RESISTANCE AGAINST ROOT AND STEM ROT DISEASE CAUSED BY Fusarium solani in PEANUT (Arachis Hypogaea L.)
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Abstract
The study was conducted in the fields of the Department of Plant Protection / College of Agriculture / University of Anbar, to evaluate three oxides (ZnO, MnO and SiO) in their nano and conventional nature and at three addition dates. (First addition: soaking the seeds in oxides solution, second addition: soaking the seeds and adding oxides after 15 days and third addition: soaking the seeds and adding oxides after 15 and 30 days), in some phenotypic characteristics and inducing plant resistance against the Fusarium fungus, which causes root and stem rot disease in peanuts.
The results of all the oxide treatments with the pathogenic fungus showed a significant increase in the rates of plant height and the fresh and dry weight of the vegetative and root systems, in addition to an increase in the number of pods compared to the treatment with the pathogenic fungus only. The results also showed an improvement in the physiological characteristics of the plant in the oxide treatments, an increase in the chlorophyll content, in addition to the stimulation of plant resistance enzymes represented by an increase in the total phenol content and the peroxidase enzyme. On the other hand, the efficiency of the oxides in the nano-form was higher than in the normal form. The results also indicated that the third addition date recorded the highest level of induction of plant resistance through measurements of total phenolic levels and the peroxidase enzyme.
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