DRIPPING TAPES LENGTHS AND DISTANCE BETWEEN THEM AND THEIR EFFECT ON SOME PHYSICAL SOIL CHARACTERISTICS AND POTATO YIELD UNDER SURFACE DRIP IRRIGATION SYSTEM

Abstract

The study was carried out during the autumn season of 2024, with the aim of evaluating the effect of the lengths of dripping tapes and the distance between them on some physical properties of soil and the growth and yield of potatoes under a surface drip irrigation system to enhance the role of sustainable development in agricultural and applied reality. The study included two factors, the first is the length of the dripping tapes, which included three lengths: 30, 40, and 50 m, while the second factor was the distance between the tapes, which included three spacing:  0.10, 0.20, and 0.30 m. The experiment was conducted using a randomized complete block design (RCBD) with three replicates in soils with a silty loam texture. Potato tubers planted Borin cultivar on 14/9/ 2024; a scientific and practical irrigation schedule was prepared based on the data of the American evaporation basin class A after exhausting 50% of the available water for the plant.

The results of the study showed obtaining the best values for bulk density when adopting a dripping tape of 30 m length, as it reached 1.450 Mg m^-3 compared to a dripping tape of length 40 and 50 m and amounted to 1.473 and 1.507 Mg ha^-1 according to the sequence, with an increase of 2.88 and 7.00%. The lowest saturated water conductivity value was obtained when adopting a 30 m dripping tape of 4.553 cm h^-1 compared to a drip strip of 40 and 50 m of 4.750 and 5.530 cm h^-1, respectively, with increases of 14.10 and 17.66%. Also, the lowest values were obtained when adopting a distance of 0.10 m between one dripping tape and another, as it reached 4.487 cm h^-1, compared to a distance of 0.20 and 0.30 m between one dripping tape and another, as it reached 4.887 and 5.460 cm.h^-1, respectively, with increases of 10.49 and 17.82%. Also, the lowest value of the base infiltration rate was obtained at a 30 m long stripping tape, as it amounted to 4.27 cm h^-1. The values of the basic infiltration rate increased when a dripping tapes of length 40 and 50 m was adopted, reaching 6.00 and 6.47 cm.h^-1, respectively, with an increase of 7.26 and 34.00%. Also, the lowest values were obtained when adopting a distance of 0.10 m between one dripping tape and another, as it amounted to 5.10 cm h^-1 compared to the distances of 0.20 and 0.30 m between one dripping tape and another, amounting to 5.53 and 6.10 cm.h^-1 respectively, with increases of 9.50 and 16.39%. The highest potato yield was recorded at the adoption of a 30 m dripping tape of 46.51 mg.ha^-1, it fell to 39.64 and 29.53 Mg ha^-1 at a dripping tape of length 40 and 50 m, with decreases of 34.23 and 57.50%. The best values of the total yield were obtained at a distance of 0.10 m as it reached 43.36 mg.ha^-1, while it decreased to 38.98 and 33.34 mg.ha^-1 at the distance of 0.20 and 0.30 m between one dripping tape and another, with a decrease of 16.91 and 30.05%.